Hi Manal,
I did medical research many years ago and in our lab we used transgenic animals - these animals were 'created' to have the disease in question. The gene of interest is extracted and injected into fertilized eggs of particular animals, these eggs are then planted into the uterus of a female animal. The female will then give birth to animals that express the gene of interest. This allows scientists to study the effects of various therapies on the animals who are born with certain diseases such as thalassemia or sickle cell anemia. Usually, transgenic mice are used in studies.
Sharmin