I've been told my various sources that Novartis kept Exjade off the market for up to 18 years. Once they asked for approval, it was fast tracked and approved rather quickly. In the meantime, Ferriprox was kept off the market in North America, even though it was saving lives in India since the late 1980's. I've learned to have little trust in big pharma. Of course, if Novartis judges that this new chelator can make them boatloads of money while they still own the patent on Exjade, we will see faster development.